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Expression and Role of Dickkopf-1 (Dkk1) in Tumors: From the Cells to the Patients
Authors Zhu G, Song J, Chen W, Yuan D, Wang W, Chen X, Liu H, Su H, Zhu J
Received 2 August 2020
Accepted for publication 26 September 2020
Published 25 January 2021 Volume 2021:13 Pages 659—675
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S275172
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Dr Eileen O'Reilly
Guohua Zhu,1,2,* Jukun Song,2,3,* Weimin Chen,3,* Dongbo Yuan,2,3 Wei Wang,2 Xiaoyue Chen,3 Hen Liu,2,4 Hao Su,2,4 Jianguo Zhu1– 4
1Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province 550002, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou Province 550002, People’s Republic of China; 3Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou Province 550025, People’s Republic of China; 4Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province 563000, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Jianguo Zhu
Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital,, Guiyang, Guizhou Province 550002, People’s Republic of China
Tel/Fax +86-851-85925503
Email doctorzhujianguo@163.com
Abstract: Dickkopf-1 (Dkk1) is a secretory antagonist of the classical Wnt signaling pathway. Many studies have reported that Dkk1 is abnormally expressed in tumor cells, and abnormal expression of Dkk1 can inhibit cell proliferation or induce apoptosis through pro-apoptotic factors, However, due to the differences in tumor environment and the complex regulatory mechanisms in different tumors, Dkk1 has different effects on the progression of different tumors. In many tumors, high expression of Dkk1 may promote tumor metastasis. However, Dkk1, which is highly expressed in other tumors, can inhibit tumor invasion and metastasis. More and more evidence shows that Dkk1 plays a complex and different role in tumor occurrence, development and metastasis in different tumor environments and through a variety of complex regulatory mechanisms. Therefore, Dkk1 may not only be a useful biomarker of metastasis, but also a target for studying the metabolic mechanism of tumor cells and treating tumors in many tumor types. Therefore, this article reviews the research progress on the expression, mechanism and function of Dkk1 in different tumors, and at the same time, based on the public database data, we made a further analysis of the expression of Dkk1 in different tumors.
Keywords: dickkopf-1, Dkk1, Wnt signaling pathway, tumor mechanism, metastasis, biomarker, in vitro, in vivo
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