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Serum lipid profile and correlates in newly presenting Nigerians with arterial hypertension

Authors Adamu UG , Okuku GA, Oladele CO, Abdullahi A, Oduh JI, Fasae AJ

Received 28 June 2013

Accepted for publication 29 August 2013

Published 3 December 2013 Volume 2013:9 Pages 763—768

DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/VHRM.S50690

Checked for plagiarism Yes

Review by Single anonymous peer review

Peer reviewer comments 3



Umar G Adamu,1 George A Okuku,2 Clement O Oladele,1 Aisha Abdullahi,3 Joanah I Oduh,1 Abidemi J Fasae4

1Department of Medicine, 2Department of Haematology, Federal Medical Centre, Bida, Niger State, 3Department of Nursing Services, General Hospital, Minna, Niger State, 4Department of Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria

Background: Arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia are modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. The multiplicative effect of these risk factors may worsen the atherogenic index of an individual. The objective of this study was to determine the pattern and prevalence of dyslipidemia in newly presenting Nigerians with arterial hypertension, as well as determine some of its correlates.
Methods: This cross-sectional study compared 115 newly presenting, age- and sex-matched individuals with arterial hypertension with 115 normotensive individuals. Fasting lipids, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and fasting plasma glucose were estimated.
Results: Patients with arterial hypertension had higher body mass index (t=7.64; P=0.000), TC (t=2.95; P=0.006), and HDL-C (t=−5.18; P=0.000). The most common dyslipidemia was low HDL-C, found in both the hypertensive (44.3%) and normotensive (20.9%) patients. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in hypertensives and controls was 64% and 39%, respectively. In hypertensive patients, TC correlated positively to diastolic blood pressure (r=0.218; P=0.0019). other positive correlates include LDL-C and age (r=0.217; P=0.020) and fasting plasma glucose (r=0.202; P=0.030) and body mass index (r=0.209; P=0.025). Among normotensive controls, TC correlated positively with LDL-C (r=0.63; P=0.000) but correlated negatively with triglycerides (r=−0.30; P=0.001).
Conclusion: Lipid abnormalities are common in newly presenting Nigerians with arterial hypertension. Screening of these risk factors, promotion of healthy lifestyle, and the institution of therapy is desirable to reduce their multiplicative effects.

Keywords: healthy lifestyle, screening, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, cardiovascular, atherogenic index

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