Telithromycin in the treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis, acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, and community-acquired pneumonia

George G Zhanel, Tamiko Hisanaga, Aleksandra Wierzbowski, Daryl J Hoban

Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Canada; Departments of Clinical Microbiology and Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Canada

Abstract: Acute bacterial sinusitis (ABS), acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (AECB), and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) are common conditions and constitute a substantial socioeconomic burden. The ketolides are a new class of antibacterials with a targeted spectrum of antibacterial activity. In vitro, telithromycin is active against common bacterial pathogens that cause upper and lower respiratory tract infections, including some isolates that are resistant to other antibiotic classes. In 2004, telithromycin was the first ketolide antibiotic approved for clinical use by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of adult outpatients with ABS, AECB, and mild-to-moderate CAP. This review discusses the use of telithromycin in the treatment of these infections, providing an overview of its antibacterial activity, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, clinical efficacy, and tolerability–safety, and concludes that telithromycin is an appropriate option for the treatment of community-acquired ABS, AECB, and mild-to-moderate CAP.

Keywords: telithromycin, respiratory tract infection, ketolide