Safe medication use based on knowledge of information about contraindications concerning cross allergy and comprehensive clinical intervention

Wei Li,¹ Ling-Ling Zhu,² Quan Zhou<sup>3

1</sup>Division of Medical Affairs, ²Cadre Department, Division of Nursing, ³Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China

Background: An investigation of safety issues regarding information on contraindications related to cross allergy was conducted to promote clinical awareness and prevent medical errors in a 2200-bed tertiary care teaching hospital.
Methods: Prescribing information on contraindications concerning cross allergy was collected from an information system and package inserts. Data mining and descriptive analysis were performed. A risk register was used for project management and risk assessment. A Plan, Do, Check, Act cycle was used as part of continuous quality improvement. Records of drug counseling and medical errors were collected from an online reporting system. A pharmacist-led multidisciplinary team initiated an intervention program on cross allergy in August 2008.
Results: Four years of risk management at our hospital achieved successful outcomes, ie, the number of medical errors related to cross allergies decreased by 97% (10 cases monthly before August 2008 versus three cases yearly in 2012) and risk rating decreased significantly [initial risk rating:25 (high-risk) before August 2008 versus final risk rating:6 (medium-risk) in December 2012].
Conclusion: We conclude that comprehensive clinical interventions are very effective through team cooperation. Medication use has potential for safety risks if sufficient attention is not paid to contraindications concerning cross allergy. The potential for cross allergy involving drugs which belong to completely different pharmacological classes is easily overlooked and can be dangerous. Pharmacists can play an important role in reducing the risk of cross allergy as well as recommending therapeutic alternatives.

Keywords: clinical pharmacy, contraindications, cross allergy, prescribing information, risk management, safe medication use