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Perceived parental affectionless control is associated with high neuroticism
Authors Takahashi N, Suzuki A, Matsumoto Y, Shirata T, Otani K
Received 16 January 2017
Accepted for publication 31 March 2017
Published 18 April 2017 Volume 2017:13 Pages 1111—1114
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S132511
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 3
Editor who approved publication: Dr Taro Kishi
Nana Takahashi, Akihito Suzuki, Yoshihiko Matsumoto, Toshinori Shirata, Koichi Otani
Department of Psychiatry, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
Objective: Depressed patients are prone to perceive that they were exposed to affectionless control by parents. Meanwhile, high neuroticism is a well-established risk factor for developing depression. Therefore, this study examined whether perceived parental affectionless control is associated with high neuroticism.
Methods: The subjects were 664 healthy Japanese volunteers. Perceived parental care and protection were assessed by the Parental Bonding Instrument. Parental rearing was categorized into either optimal parenting (high care/low protection) or three dysfunctional parenting styles including affectionless control (low care/high protection). Neuroticism was evaluated by the NEO Personality Inventory-Revised.
Results: The subjects with paternal affectionless control had higher neuroticism scores than those with paternal optimal parenting. Similar tendency was observed in maternal rearing. Neuroticism scores increased in a stepwise manner with respect to the increase in the number of parents with affectionless control.
Conclusion: The present study shows that perceived parental affectionless control is associated with high neuroticism, suggesting that this parental style increases neuroticism in recipients.
Keywords: parenting, attachment, personality, vulnerability, depression, PBI, NEO PI-R
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