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Local anesthesia and anxiolytic techniques for oculoplastic surgery
Authors Ing EB, Philteos J, Sholohov G, Ta Kim D, Nijhawan N, Mark PW, Gilbert J
Received 26 September 2018
Accepted for publication 12 December 2018
Published 10 January 2019 Volume 2019:13 Pages 153—160
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTH.S188790
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single-blind
Peer reviewers approved by Dr Jie Zhang
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Dr Scott Fraser
Edsel B Ing,1 Justine Philteos,2 Galina Sholohov,3 David Ta Kim,1 Navdeep Nijhawan,1 Patrick W Mark,4 Jaclyn Gilbert4
1Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; 2School of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; 3Barzilai Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel; 4Department of Anesthesia, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
Abstract: This study discusses local anesthetic agents, administration techniques, ancillary considerations, and safety precautions for oculoplastic surgery including eyelid, lacrimal, orbital, and temporal artery biopsy procedures. Methods for reducing patient apprehension and discomfort including systemic premedication, topical pre-anesthetic, visual, auditory and tactile distraction techniques, regional blocks, small gauge needles, warmed lidocaine, and buffered lidocaine are discussed.
Keywords: local anesthesia, anxiolytics, oculoplastics, eyelid, orbit, lacrimal, temporal artery biopsy
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