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Effect of lip position and gingival display on smile and esthetics as perceived by college students with different educational backgrounds
Authors Zawawi KH , Malki GA, Al-Zahrani MS, Alkhiary YM
Received 21 August 2013
Accepted for publication 26 September 2013
Published 31 October 2013 Volume 2013:5 Pages 77—80
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/CCIDE.S53359
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 3
Khalid H Zawawi,1 Ghadah A Malki,2 Mohammad S Al-Zahrani,3 Yaser M Alkhiary4
1Department of Preventive Dental Science, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, 2Consultant Pediatric Dentist, North Jeddah Dental Specialty Center, 3Department of Oral Basic and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, 4Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of education on the perception of female college students on the effect of lip position and gingival display upon smiling and esthetics.
Methods: A photograph of a smiling subject was altered to show varying degrees of gingival display. Female students, who were studying in different colleges, assessed a total of five images, using a numerical rating scale.
Results: A total of 440 college students from eight educational faculties (dentistry, dental assistants, medicine, medical technology, nursing, science, arts, and pharmacology) participated in this study. There was no difference found between students' ratings of the altered images (P<0.05). The perception of a gummy smile was found to be similar among the participants. There was agreement between all participants that 2 mm of gingival display was the most attractive smile, while a 4 mm covering of the teeth by the upper lip was the least attractive.
Conclusion: Educational influence did not have an effect of the perception of a gummy smile.
Keywords: smile, gingival display, gummy smile, smile esthetic, perception, educational background
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