skip to content
Dovepress - Open Access to Scientific and Medical Research
View our mobile site

8129

The influence of nano MgO and BaSO4 particle size additives on properties of PMMA bone cement

Original Research

(2879) Views  (582) Full article downloads

Authors: Alyssa Ricker, Peishan Liu-Snyder, Thomas J Webster

Published Date March 2008 Volume 2008:3(1) Pages 125 - 132
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S2322

Alyssa Ricker, Peishan Liu-Snyder, Thomas J Webster

Division of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA

Abstract: A common technique to aid in implant fixation into surrounding bone is to inject bone cement into the space between the implant and surrounding bone. The most common bone cement material used clinically today is poly(methyl methacrylate), or PMMA. Although promising, there are numerous disadvantages of using PMMA in bone fixation applications which has limited its wide spread use. Specifically, the PMMA polymerization reaction is highly exothermic in situ, thus, damaging surrounding bone tissue while curing. In addition, PMMA by itself is not visible using typical medical imaging techniques (such as X-rays required to assess new bone formation surrounding the implant). Lastly, although PMMA does support new bone growth, studies have highlighted decreased osteoblast (bone forming cell) functions on PMMA compared to other common orthopedic coating materials, such as calcium phosphates and hydroxyapatite. For these reasons, the goal of this study was to begin to investigate novel additives to PMMA which can enhance its cytocompatibility properties with osteoblasts, decrease its exothermic reaction when curing, and increase its radiopacity. Results of this study demonstrated that compared to conventional (or micron) equivalents, PMMA with nanoparticles of MgO and BaSO4 reduced harmful exothermic reactions of PMMA during solidification and increased radiopacity, respectively. Moreover, osteoblast adhesion increased on PMMA with nanoparticles of MgO and BaSO4 compared with PMMA alone. This study, thus, suggests that nanoparticles of MgO and BaSO4 should be further studied for improving properties of PMMA for orthopedic applications.

Keywords: bone cement, PMMA, Poly(methyl methacrylate), osteoblast, nanoparticles






 

Other articles by Dr Thomas J Webster

Anodized 20 nm diameter nanotubular titanium for improved bladder stent applications
Bactericidal effect of iron oxide nanoparticles on Staphylococcus aureus
Biomimetic helical rosette nanotubes and nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite coatings on titanium for improving orthopedic implants
Decreased astroglial cell adhesion and proliferation on zinc oxide nanoparticle polyurethane composites
Decreased lung carcinoma cell density on select polymer nanometer surface features for lung replacement therapies
Differential effects of nanoselenium doping on healthy and cancerous osteoblasts in coculture on titanium
Enhanced endothelial cell density on NiTi surfaces with sub-micron to nanometer roughness
Enhanced endothelial cell functions on rosette nanotube-coated titanium vascular stents
Enhanced osteoblast adhesion on nanostructured selenium compacts for anti-cancer orthopedic applications
Enhanced osteoblast adhesion to drug-coated anodized nanotubular titanium surfaces
Fructose-enhanced reduction of bacterial growth on nanorough surfaces
Greater osteoblast and endothelial cell adhesion on nanostructured polyethylene and titanium
Greater osteoblast proliferation on anodized nanotubular titanium upon electrical stimulation
Influence of nanophase titania topography on bacterial attachment and metabolism
Mechanical properties of dispersed ceramic nanoparticles in polymer composites for orthopedic applications
Nano rough micron patterned titanium for directing osteoblast morphology and adhesion
Nanofunctionalized zirconia and barium sulfate particles as bone cement additives
Reduced adhesion of macrophages on anodized titanium with select nanotube surface features
Reducing infections through nanotechnology and nanoparticles
Selenium nanoparticles inhibit Staphylococcus aureus growth
Self-assembled rosette nanotubes encapsulate and slowly release dexamethasone
Self-assembled rosette nanotubes for incorporating hydrophobic drugs in physiological environments
Silver nanoparticle toxicity in Drosophila: size does matter
Spray deposition of live cells throughout the electrospinning process produces nanofibrous three-dimensional tissue scaffolds
The use of superparamagnetic nanoparticles for prosthetic biofilm prevention