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Reducing infections through nanotechnology and nanoparticles

Review

(2748) Views  (1357) Full article downloads

Authors: Taylor E, Webster TJ

Published Date July 2011 Volume 2011:6 Pages 1463 - 1473
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S22021

Erik Taylor1, Thomas J Webster1,2
1School of Engineering, 2Department of Orthopedics, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA

Abstract: The expansion of bacterial antibiotic resistance is a growing problem today. When medical devices are inserted into the body, it becomes especially difficult for the body to clear robustly adherent antibiotic-resistant biofilm infections. In addition, concerns about the spread of bacterial genetic tolerance to antibiotics, such as that found in multiple drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), have significantly increased of late. As a growing direction in biomaterial design, nanomaterials (materials with at least one dimension less than 100 nm) may potentially prevent bacterial functions that lead to infections. As a first step in this direction, various nanoparticles have been explored for improving bacteria and biofilm penetration, generating reactive oxygen species, and killing bacteria, potentially providing a novel method for fighting infections that is nondrug related. This review article will first examine in detail the mechanisms and applications of some of these nanoparticles, then follow with some recent material designs utilizing nanotechnology that are centered on fighting medical device infections.

Keywords: nanomaterials, medical device infection, antibacterial, antibiotic resistance, nanoparticle, biofilms

 






 

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Differential effects of nanoselenium doping on healthy and cancerous osteoblasts in coculture on titanium
Enhanced endothelial cell density on NiTi surfaces with sub-micron to nanometer roughness
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Erratum
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