skip to content
Dovepress - Open Access to Scientific and Medical Research
View our mobile site

8129

Nano-hydroxyapatite-thermally denatured small intestine sub-mucosa composites for entheses applications

(2580) Views  (443) Full article downloads

Authors: Venu Perla, Thomas J Webster

Published Date February 2006 Volume 2006:1(3) Pages 351 - 359
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S

Venu Perla1, Thomas J Webster1,2,3
 

1Weldon school of Biomedical Engineering and 2School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; 3Present address: Division of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA

Abstract: The objective of the present in vitro study was to estimate the adhesion strength of nanometer crystalline hydroxyapatite (HA)–small intestine sub-mucosa (SIS) composites on model implant surfaces. Techniques of thermal denaturation (60oC, 20 min) of SIS were used to enhance the adhesion strength of entheses materials to underlying implants. Specifically, results indicated that the adhesion strength of thermally denatured SIS was 2–3 times higher than that for normal unheated SIS. In addition, aqua-sonicated, hydrothermally treated nano-HA dispersions enhanced the adhesion strength of SIS on implant surfaces. Importantly, results of the present study demonstrated that human skeletal muscle cell (hSkMC) numbers were not affected by thermally denaturing SIS in nano-HA composite coatings; however, they increased on aqua-sonicated nano-HA/SIS composites compared with SIS alone. Interestingly, thermally denatured SIS that contained aqua-sonicated, hydrothermally treated nano-HA decreased human osteoblasts (hOBs) numbers compared with respective unheated composites; all other composites when thermally denatured did not influence hOB numbers. Results also showed that the number of hOBs increased on nano-HA/SIS composites compared with SIS composites alone. Human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) numbers were not affected by the presence of nano-HA in SIS composites. For these reasons, the collective results of this in vitro study demonstrated a technique to increase the coating strength of entheses coatings on implant surfaces (using thermally denatured SIS and aqua-sonicated, hydrothermally prepared nano-HA) while, at the same time, supporting cell functions important for entheses regeneration.

Keywords: bone, entheses, orthopedic implant, tendon, hydroxyapatite, small intestine submucosa composites, adhesion, nanotechnology, tissue engineering