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Silver nanoparticles promote osteogenic differentiation of human urine-derived stem cells at noncytotoxic concentrations
Authors Qin H, Zhu C, An Z, Jiang Y, Zhao Y, Wang J, Liu X, Hui B, Zhang X, Wang Y
Received 26 December 2013
Accepted for publication 6 February 2014
Published 20 May 2014 Volume 2014:9(1) Pages 2469—2478
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S59753
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single-blind
Peer reviewer comments 4
Hui Qin,1,* Chen Zhu,2,* Zhiquan An,1 Yao Jiang,1 Yaochao Zhao,1 Jiaxin Wang,1 Xin Liu,1 Bing Hui,1 Xianlong Zhang,1 Yang Wang1
1Department of Orthopedics, Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 2Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, HeFei, People's Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Abstract: In tissue engineering, urine-derived stem cells are ideal seed cells and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are perfect antimicrobial agents. Due to a distinct lack of information on the effects of AgNPs on urine-derived stem cells, a study was conducted to evaluate the effects of silver ions and AgNPs upon the cytotoxicity and osteogenic differentiation of urine-derived stem cells. Initially, AgNPs or AgNO3 were exposed to urine-derived stem cells for 24 hours. Cytotoxicity was measured using the Cell Counting kit-8 (CCK-8) test. The effects of AgNPs or AgNO3 at the maximum safety concentration determined by the CCK-8 test on osteogenic differentiation of urine-derived stem cells were assessed by alkaline phosphatase activity, Alizarin Red S staining, and the quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Lastly, the effects of AgNPs or AgNO3 on "urine-derived stem cell actin cytoskeleton organization" and RhoA activity were assessed by rhodamine-phalloidin staining and Western blotting. Concentration-dependent toxicity was observed starting at an AgNO3 concentration of 2 µg/mL and at an AgNP concentration of 4 µg/mL. At these concentrations, AgNPs were observed to promote osteogenic differentiation of urine-derived stem cells, induce actin polymerization and increase cytoskeletal tension, and activate RhoA; AgNO3 had no such effects. In conclusion, AgNPs can promote osteogenic differentiation of urine-derived stem cells at a suitable concentration, independently of silver ions, and are suitable for incorporation into tissue-engineered scaffolds that utilize urine-derived stem cells as seed cells.
Keywords: silver nanoparticles, osteogenic differentiation, stem cell, cytotoxicity
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