Ocular hypotensive effect, preservation of visual fields, and safety of adding dorzolamide to prostaglandin therapy for twelve months

Kenji Inoue^1,3, Mieko Masumoto^1,3, Masato Wakakura¹, Goji Tomita², On behalf of the Ochanomizu Ophthalmology Study Group^3
1Inouye Eye Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; ²Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; ³Ochanomizu Ophthalmology, Tokyo, Japan

Purpose: To prospectively evaluate the safety, hypotensive effect, and preservation of visual fields of dorzolamide when added to latanoprost.
Subjects and methods: This study included 46 patients (46 eyes) with primary open-angle glaucoma who had been treated with latanoprost. Dorzolamide (1%) was added to latanoprost, and the intraocular pressure (IOP) was monitored before and after 3, 6, and 12 months. The mean deviation shown by Humphrey perimetry was compared before and after twelve months of treatment. Adverse reactions were monitored over the 12-month study period.
Results: The mean baseline IOP was 17.2 ± 3.0 mmHg while those after 3, 6 and 12 months of treatment were 14.9 ± 3.0 mmHg, 14.5 ± 3.2 mmHg, and 14.6 ± 2.6 mmHg respectively (P < 0.0001, 1-ß(power) = 0.9999571). The absolute reduction of IOP and the percent reduction were similar after 3, 6, and 12 months of treatment. The mean deviation on Humphrey perimetry was similar before and after twelve months of treatment. Three patients discontinued dorzolamide therapy due to elevation of IOP and one patient discontinued it because of adverse reactions.
Conclusion: Dorzolamide is safe and effective when used for twelve months as add-on therapy to latanoprost for open-angle glaucoma.

Keywords: dorzolamide, primary open-angle glaucoma, latanoprost