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Nanodiscs as a therapeutic delivery agent: inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus infection in the lung
Authors Numata M, Grinkova YV, Mitchell JR, Chu HW , Sligar SG, Voelker DR
Received 3 November 2012
Accepted for publication 22 December 2012
Published 15 April 2013 Volume 2013:8(1) Pages 1417—1427
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S39888
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 2
Mari Numata,1 Yelena V Grinkova,2 James R Mitchell,1 Hong Wei Chu,1 Stephen G Sligar,2 Dennis R Voelker1
1Department of Medicine, Program in Cell Biology, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA; 2Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
Abstract: There is increasing interest in the application of nanotechnology to solve the difficult problem of therapeutic administration of pharmaceuticals. Nanodiscs, composed of a stable discoidal lipid bilayer encircled by an amphipathic membrane scaffold protein that is an engineered variant of the human Apo A-I constituent of high-density lipoproteins, have been a successful platform for providing a controlled lipid composition in particles that are especially useful for investigating membrane protein structure and function. In this communication, we demonstrate that nanodiscs are effective in suppressing respiratory syncytial viral (RSV) infection both in vitro and in vivo when self-assembled with the minor pulmonary surfactant phospholipid palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylglycerol (POPG). Preparations of nanodiscs containing POPG (nPOPG) antagonized interleukin-8 production from Beas2B epithelial cells challenged by RSV infection, with an IC50 of 19.3 µg/mL. In quantitative in vitro plaque assays, nPOPG reduced RSV infection by 93%. In vivo, nPOPG suppressed inflammatory cell infiltration into the lung, as well as IFN-γ production in response to RSV challenge. nPOPG also completely suppressed the histopathological changes in lung tissue elicited by RSV and reduced the amount of virus recovered from lung tissue by 96%. The turnover rate of nPOPG was estimated to have a half-time of 60–120 minutes (m), based upon quantification of the recovery of the human Apo A-I constituent. From these data, we conclude that nPOPG is a potent antagonist of RSV infection and its inflammatory sequelae both in vitro and in vivo.
Keywords: nanodiscs, therapeutic delivery, anti-viral, innate immunity, phospholipids
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