Infrared light-absorbing gold/gold sulfide nanoparticles induce cell death in esophageal adenocarcinoma

Yan Li,¹ Andre M Gobin,² Gerald W Dryden,³ Xinqin Kang,¹ Deyi Xiao,¹ Su Ping Li,¹ Guandong Zhang,² Robert CG Martin<sup>1

1</sup>Department of Surgery, ²Department of Bioengineering, ³Division of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA

Abstract: Gold nanoparticles and near infrared-absorbing light are each innocuous to tissue but when combined can destroy malignant tissue while leaving healthy tissue unharmed. This study investigated the feasibility of photothermal ablation therapy for esophageal adenocarcinoma using chitosan-coated gold/gold sulfide (CS-GGS) nanoparticles. A rat esophagoduodenal anastomosis model was used for the in vivo ablation study, and three human esophageal cell lines were used to study the response of cancer cells and benign cells to near infrared light after treatment with CS-GGS. The results indicate that both cancerous tissue and cancer cells took up more gold nanoparticles and were completely ablated after exposure to near infrared light. The benign tissue and noncancerous cells showed less uptake of these nanoparticles, and remained viable after exposure to near infrared light. CS-GGS nanoparticles could provide an optimal endoluminal therapeutic option for near infrared light ablation of esophageal cancer.

Keywords: carcinoma, gold nanoparticles, ablation, near infrared, chitosan, drug uptake, cancer