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Gypenosides Inhibit Inflammatory Response and Apoptosis of Endothelial and Epithelial Cells in LPS-Induced ALI: A Study Based on Bioinformatic Analysis and in vivo/vitro Experiments
Authors Tu Q, Zhu Y, Yuan Y, Guo L, Liu L, Yao L, Zou Y, Li J, Chen F
Received 15 October 2020
Accepted for publication 18 December 2020
Published 25 January 2021 Volume 2021:15 Pages 289—303
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S286297
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Professor Jianbo Sun
Qing Tu,1,* Yabing Zhu,1,* Yuan Yuan,1,* Long Guo,1 Lu Liu,2 Liangfang Yao,1 Yun Zou,1 Jinbao Li,1 Feng Chen1
1Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Jinbao Li; Feng Chen
Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
Email lijinbaoshanghai@163.com; smmuchenfeng@163.com
Introduction: Severe inflammatory response leads to poor prognosis of acute lung injury (ALI), the role of gypenosides (GPs) on ALI is not fully clear. The study aimed at investigating the effects of GPs on ALI.
Methods: We firstly established LPS-induced ALI mice model. Then, we tested whether GPs contributed to alleviate inflammatory response and lung injury of ALI in vivo. In order to identify specific mechanisms of the phenomenon, we conducted a bioinformatic analysis of LPS-induced ALI mice based on GEO database to identify hub differentially expressed genes (DEGs). PPI network of the DEGs was used to find hub-genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were conducted based on the DAVID database to identify which pathways the genes enriched. Then, we tested whether GPs inhibited lung injury and inflammatory response via the enriched pathways. We also tested whether GPs inhibited the apoptosis of endothelial and epithelial cells secondary to severe inflammation.
Results: We found GPs significantly alleviated lung injury and improved the survival rate of LPS-induced ALI mice in vivo. Bioinformatic analysis identified 20 hub-genes from DEGs, they were mainly enriched in NF-κB and TNF-α pathways. GPs could reduce the lung injury and inflammatory response via inhibiting NF-κB and TNF-α pathways in vivo. Our results indicated that GPs also inhibited inflammatory response of epithelial and endothelial cells via NF-κB and TNF-α pathways in vitro. Severe inflammatory response could also lead to apoptosis of endothelial and epithelial cells. Our results indicated that GPs effectively inhibited the apoptosis of endothelial and epithelial cells.
Conclusion: Our study suggested GPs contributed to alleviated lung injury in vivo and inhibited inflammation and apoptosis of endothelial and epithelial cells in vitro, providing novel strategies for the prevention and therapy for ALI.
Keywords: gypenosides, lipopolysaccharide, acute lung injury, inflammatory response, apoptosis
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