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A nonviral pHEMA+chitosan nanosphere-mediated high-efficiency gene delivery system

Authors Eroglu E, Tiwari PM, Waffo AB, Miller ME, Komal V, Dennis VA, Singh SR

Received 23 January 2013

Accepted for publication 28 February 2013

Published 11 April 2013 Volume 2013:8(1) Pages 1403—1415

DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S43168

Checked for plagiarism Yes

Review by Single anonymous peer review

Peer reviewer comments 3



Erdal Eroglu,1 Pooja M Tiwari,1 Alain B Waffo,1 Michael E Miller,2 Komal Vig,1 Vida A Dennis,1 Shree R Singh1

1Center for NanoBiotechnology Research, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA; 2Research Instrumentation Facility, Auburn University, AL, USA

Abstract: The transport of DNA into eukaryotic cells is minimal because of the cell membrane barrier, and this limits the application of DNA vaccines, gene silencing, and gene therapy. Several available transfection reagents and techniques have been used to circumvent this problem. Alternatively, nonviral nanoscale vectors have been shown to bypass the eukaryotic cell membrane. In the present work, we developed a unique nanomaterial, pHEMA+chitosan nanospheres (PCNSs), which consisted of poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) nanospheres surrounded by a chitosan cationic shell, and we used this for encapsulation of a respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-F gene construct (a model for a DNA vaccine). The new nanomaterial was capable of transfecting various eukaryotic cell lines without the use of a commercial transfection reagent. Using transmission electron microscopy, (TEM), fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS), and immunofluorescence, we clearly demonstrated that the positively charged PCNSs were able to bind to the negatively charged cell membrane and were taken up by endocytosis, in Cos-7 cells. Using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), we also evaluated the efficiency of transfection achieved with PCNSs and without the use of a liposomal-based transfection mediator, in Cos-7, HEp-2, and Vero cells. To assess the transfection efficiency of the PCNSs in vivo, these novel nanomaterials containing RSV-F gene were injected intramuscularly into BALB/c mice, resulting in high copy number of the transgene. In this study, we report, for the first time, the application of the PCNSs as a nanovehicle for gene delivery in vitro and in vivo.

Keywords: pHEMA+chitosan nanoparticles, nonviral vector, RSV-DNA vaccine

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