Synergistic effect of the combination of nanoparticulate Fe₃O₄ and Au with daunomycin on K562/A02 cells

Original Research

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Authors: Bao-An Chen, Yong-Yuan Dai, Xue-Mei Wang, Ren-Yun Zhang, Wen-Lin Xu, et al

Published Date October 2008 Volume 2008:3(3) Pages 343 - 350

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S2805

Bao-An Chen¹, Yong-Yuan Dai¹, Xue-Mei Wang², Ren-Yun Zhang², Wen-Lin Xu³, Hui-Ling Shen³, Feng Gao¹, Qian Sun¹, Xiao-Jing Deng¹, Jia-hua Ding¹, Chong Gao¹, Yun-Yu Sun¹, Jian Cheng¹, Jun Wang¹, Gang Zhao¹, Ning-Na Chen¹

¹Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R. China; ²State Key Lab of Bioelectronics, Chien-Shiung Wu Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R. China; ³Department of Hematology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P.R. China

Abstract: In this study, we have explored the possibility of the combination of the high reactivity of nano Fe₃O₄ or Au nanoparticles and daunomycin, one of the most important antitumor drugs in the treatment of acute leukemia clinically, to inhibit MDR of K562/A02 cells. Initially, to determine whether the magnetic nanoparticle Fe₃O₄ and Au can facilitate the anticancer drug to reverse the resistance of cancer cells, we have explored the cytotoxic effect of daunomycin (DNR) with and without the magnetic nano-Fe₃O₄ or nano-Au on K562 and K562/A02 cells by MTT assay. Besides, the intracellular DNR concentration and apoptosis of the K562/A02 cells was further investigated by flow cytometry and confocal fluorescence microscopic studies. The MDR1 gene expression of the K562/A02 cells was also studied by RT-PCR method. Our results indicate that 5.0 × 10⁻⁷M nano-Fe₃O₄ or 2.0 × 10⁻⁸M nano-Au is biocompatible and can apparently raise the intracellular DNR accumulation of the K562/A02 cells and increase the apoptosis of tumor cells. Moreover, our observations illustrate that although these two kinds of nanoparticles themselves could not lower the MDR1 gene expression of the K562/A02 cells, yet they could degrade the MDR1 gene level when combining with anticancer drug DNR. This raises the possibility to combine the nano-Fe₃O₄ or nano-Au with DNR to reverse the drug resistance of K562/A02 cells, which could offer a new strategy for the promising efficient chemotherapy of the leukemia patients.

Keywords: nano-Fe₃O₄, nano-Au, multidrug resistance, leukemia K562/A02, daunomycin

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