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Structural and functional results of indirect diode laser treatment for retinopathy of prematurity from 1999 to 2003 in Kuwait

Authors Wani V, Sabti K, Kumar N, Raizada S, Kandari J, Harbi M, Sawaan R, Rajaram U, Al-Naqeeb N, Shukkur M

Received 8 October 2012

Accepted for publication 19 December 2012

Published 4 February 2013 Volume 2013:7 Pages 271—278

DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTH.S38915

Checked for plagiarism Yes

Review by Single anonymous peer review

Peer reviewer comments 3



Vivek B Wani,1,2 Khalid Al Sabti,1,3 Niranjan Kumar,1 Seemant Raizada,1 Jamal Al Kandari,1 Mohammad Al Harbi,4 Rima Sawaan,5 Usha Rajaram,6 Niran Al-Naqeeb,7 Mumtaz Shukkur8

1Department of Ophthalmology, Al Bahar Ophthalmology Center, Kuwait city, Kuwait; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Al Adan Hospital, Al Adan, Kuwait; 3Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jabriya, Kuwait; 4Department of Neonatology, Al Sabah Maternity Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait; 5Department of Neonatology, Al Farwaniya Hospital, Al Farwaniya, Kuwait; 6Department of Neonatology, Al Jahra Hospital, Al Jahra, Kuwait; 7Department of Neonatology, Al Adan Hospital, Al Adan, Kuwait; 8Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jabriya, Kuwait

Purpose: The purpose was to report the structural, visual, and refractive outcomes of infants treated for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with laser and to identify the risk factors for unfavorable outcomes.
Materials and methods: The charts of infants with severe ROP treated by diode laser in a tertiary center during the period April 1999 to November 2003 were reviewed. Treated infants were followed up for fundus examination, visual acuity assessment, and cycloplegic refraction. Data regarding ocular risk factors, like zones of ROP and the extent of extraretinal proliferations, and data regarding various systemic risk factors were collected. A minimum follow up of 6 months was needed for inclusion in the study of structural outcome. A minimum follow up of 24 months was needed for the study of visual and refractive outcomes. The outcomes measured were: rate of unfavorable structural outcome, unfavorable visual outcome (visual acuity < 20/40), and high myopia (myopia ≥ 5 diopters). The ocular and systemic risk factors were studied for their significance in the development of unfavorable outcomes.
Results: Two hundred seventy eyes of 148 infants were treated for severe ROP, out of which 20 eyes (7.4%) had unfavorable structural outcome. Visual data were available for 149 eyes of 81 infants, of which 70 eyes (47%) had unfavorable visual outcome. Refractive data were available for 131 eyes of 72 infants, and high myopia was present in 23 (17.6%) eyes. Zone I disease was the significant risk factor for unfavorable structural (P < 0.0001), unfavorable visual outcome (P = 0.03), and for high myopia (P < 0.0001). Lower postconceptional age at treatment was significant for unfavorable structural outcome (P = 0.03) and high myopia (P < 0.0001). Presence of sepsis (P = 0.029) and extraretinal proliferation ≥ 6 hours were significant for unfavorable structural outcome
(P = 0.002).
Conclusion: ROP in zone I was the most significant risk factor for all the unfavorable outcomes. Laser-treated ROP infants need long term follow up.

Keywords: structural outcome, refractive outcome, visual outcome, unfavorable outcome, risk factors for unfavorable outcomes

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