Nanoparticle-enhanced electrical impedance detection and its potential significance in image tomography

Ran Liu,¹ Cuiyun Jin,² Fengjuan Song,² Jing Liu<sup>1,3

1</sup>Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; ²College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China; ³Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

Abstract: The conductivity and permittivity of tumors are known to differ significantly from those of normal tissues. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a relatively new imaging method for exploiting these differences. However, the accuracy of data capture is one of the difficult problems urgently to be solved in the clinical application of EIT technology. A new concept of EIT sensitizers is put forward in this paper with the goal of expanding the contrast ratio of tumor and healthy tissue to enhance EIT imaging quality. The use of nanoparticles for changing tumor characteristics and determining the infiltration vector for easier detection has been widely accepted in the biomedical field. Ultra-pure water, normal saline, and gold nanoparticles, three kinds of material with large differences in electrical characteristics, are considered as sensitizers and undergo mathematical model analysis and animal experimentation. Our preliminary results suggest that nanoparticles are promising for sensitization work. Furthermore, in experimental and simulation results, we found that we should select different sensitizers for the detection of different types and stages of tumor.

Keywords: EIT, nanoparticle sensitizer, tumor detection, EMF analysis