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Early diagnosis of oral cancer based on the surface plasmon resonance of gold nanoparticles

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Authors: James Chen Yong Kah, Kiang Wei Kho, Caroline Guat Leng Lee, Colin James Richard Sheppard, Ze Xiang Shen, et al

Published Date January 2007 Volume 2007:2(4) Pages 785 - 798
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S

James Chen Yong Kah1, Kiang Wei Kho2, Caroline Guat Leng Lee2, Colin James Richard Sheppard1, Ze Xiang Shen3, Khee Chee Soo2, Malini Carolene Olivo2

1Division of Bioengineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore; 2Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; 3School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, NanyangnTechnological University, Singapore

Abstract: The high mortality rate in cancer such as oral squamous cell carcinoma is commonly attributed to the difficulties in detecting the disease at an early treatable stage. In this study, we exploited the ability of gold nanoparticles to undergo coupled surface plasmon resonance and set up strong electric fields when closely-spaced to improve the molecular contrast signal in reflectance-based imaging and also to enhance the Raman signal of bioanalytes in cancer. Colloidal gold nanoparticles were synthesized and conjugated to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) for imaging. A self-assembled surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-active gold nanoparticle monolayer film was also developed as a biosensing surface using a simple drop-dry approach. We have shown that gold nanoparticles could elicit an optical contrast to discriminate between cancerous and normal cells and their conjugation with antibodies allowed them to map the expression of relevant biomarkers for molecular imaging under confocal reflectance microscopy. We have also shown that the SERS spectra of saliva from the closely-packed gold nanoparticles films was differentiable between those acquired from normal individuals and oral cancer patients, thus showing promise of a simple SERS-based saliva assay for early diagnosis of oral cancer.

Keywords: Gold nanoparticles, reflectance imaging, confocal microscopy, epithelial carcinoma, epidermal growth factor receptor, coupled surface plasmon resonance, oral cancer, surface enhanced Raman scattering








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